Furopyridine compounds for the treatment of hepatitis C

ABSTRACT

Compounds of formula I, including their salts, as well as compositions and methods of using the compounds are set forth. The compounds have activity against hepatitis C virus (HCV) and may be useful in treating those infected with HCV.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 62/033,189, filed Aug. 5, 2014; the entire content of which is incorporated herein reference.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to novel compounds, including their salts, which have activity against hepatitis C virus (HCV) and which are useful in treating those infected with HCV. The invention also relates to compositions and methods of making and using these compounds.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major human pathogen, infecting an estimated 170 million persons worldwide—roughly five times the number infected by human immunodeficiency virus type 1. A substantial fraction of these HCV infected individuals develop serious progressive liver disease, including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (Lauer, G. M.; Walker, B. D. N. Engl. J. Med. 2001, 345, 41-52).

HCV is a positive-stranded RNA virus. Based on a comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence and the extensive similarity in the 5′-untranslated region, HCV has been classified as a separate genus in the Flaviviridae family. All members of the Flaviviridae family have enveloped virions that contain a positive stranded RNA genome encoding all known virus-specific proteins via translation of a single, uninterrupted, open reading frame.

Considerable heterogeneity is found within the nucleotide and encoded amino acid sequence throughout the HCV genome. At least six major genotypes have been characterized, and more than 50 subtypes have been described. The major genotypes of HCV differ in their distribution worldwide, and the clinical significance of the genetic heterogeneity of HCV remains elusive despite numerous studies of the possible effect of genotypes on pathogenesis and therapy.

The single strand HCV RNA genome is approximately 9500 nucleotides in length and has a single open reading frame (ORF) encoding a single large polyprotein of about 3000 amino acids. In infected cells, this polyprotein is cleaved at multiple sites by cellular and viral proteases to produce the structural and non-structural (NS) proteins. In the case of HCV, the generation of mature non-structural proteins (NS2, NS3, NS4A, NS4B, NS5A, and NS5B) is effected by two viral proteases. The first one is believed to be a metalloprotease and cleaves at the NS2-NS3 junction; the second one is a serine protease contained within the N-terminal region of NS3 (also referred to as NS3 protease) and mediates all the subsequent cleavages downstream of NS3, both in cis, at the NS3-NS4A cleavage site, and in trans, for the remaining NS4A-NS4B, NS4B-NS5A, NS5A-NS5B sites. The NS4A protein appears to serve multiple functions, acting as a cofactor for the NS3 protease and possibly assisting in the membrane localization of NS3 and other viral replicase components. The complex formation of the NS3 protein with NS4A seems necessary to the processing events, enhancing the proteolytic efficiency at all of the sites. The NS3 protein also exhibits nucleoside triphosphatase and RNA helicase activities. NS5B (also referred to as HCV polymerase) is a RNA-dependent RNA polymerase that is involved in the replication of HCV. The HCV NS5B protein is described in “Structural Analysis of the Hepatitis C Virus RNA Polymerase in Complex with Ribonucleotides (Bressanelli; S. et al., Journal of Virology 2002, 3482-3492; and Defrancesco and Rice, Clinics in Liver Disease 2003, 7, 211-242.

Currently, the most effective HCV therapy employs a combination of alpha-interferon and ribavirin, leading to sustained efficacy in 40% of patients (Poynard, T. et al. Lancet 1998, 352, 1426-1432). Recent clinical results demonstrate that pegylated alpha-interferon is superior to unmodified alpha-interferon as monotherapy (Zeuzem, S. et al. N. Engl. J. Med. 2000, 343, 1666-1672). However, even with experimental therapeutic regimens involving combinations of pegylated alpha-interferon and ribavirin, a substantial fraction of patients do not have a sustained reduction in viral load. Thus, there is a clear and important need to develop effective therapeutics for treatment of HCV infection.

HCV-796, an HCV NS5B inhibitor, has shown an ability to reduce HCV RNA levels in patients. The viral RNA levels decreased transiently and then rebounded during dosing when treatment was with the compound as a single agent but levels dropped more robustly when combined with the standard of care which is a form of interferon and ribavirin. The development of this compound was suspended due to hepatic toxicity observed during extended dosing of the combination regimens. U.S. Pat. No. 7,265,152 and the corresponding PCT patent application, WO2004/041201, describe compounds of the HCV-796 class. Other compounds have been disclosed; see for example, WO2009/101022, as well as WO 2012/058125.

What is therefore needed in the art are additional compounds which are novel and effective against hepatitis C. Additionally, these compounds should provide advantages for pharmaceutical uses, for example, with regard to one or more of their mechanism of action, binding, inhibition efficacy, target selectivity, solubility, safety profiles, or bioavailability. Also needed are new formulations and methods of treatment which utilize these compounds.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

One aspect of the invention is a compound of formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts and stereoisomers thereof:

wherein

R⁰ and R¹ are independently hydrogen or methyl;

R² is optionally substituted aryl with 0-2 halo or methoxy;

R³, R⁴, R⁵ and R⁸ are independently hydrogen or halo;

R⁶ is hydrogen, halo, optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkyl or optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkoxy;

R⁷ is COOR¹⁰¹ or CON(R¹⁰²)(R¹⁰³);

R¹⁰¹ is hydrogen, optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkyl or optionally substituted C₃-C₈ cycloalkyl with 0-3 substituents selected from halo, hydroxyl, alkoxy, and haloalkoxy;

R¹⁰² and R¹⁰³ are each independently hydrogen, —(CR¹⁰R¹¹)R¹², optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkyl, optionally substituted C₃-C₈ cycloalkyl, with 0-3 substituents selected from halo, OH, OR¹⁰⁴, NH₂, NR¹⁰⁵R¹⁰⁶, COOR¹⁰⁴, CONR¹⁰⁵R¹⁰⁶, (O)₂R¹⁰⁴, S(O)₂NR¹⁰⁵R¹⁰⁶, NR¹⁰⁴CONR¹⁰⁵R¹⁰⁶, OR¹⁰⁴CONR¹⁰⁵R¹⁰⁶, C(═NR¹⁰⁷)NR¹⁰⁵R¹⁰⁶, NR¹⁰⁸C(═NR¹⁰⁷)NR¹⁰⁵R¹⁰⁶, haloalkoxy; or

R¹⁰² and R¹⁰³ can form a ring by joining two atoms, one from each of R¹⁰² and R¹⁰³; or

R¹⁰² and R¹⁰³ can form bicyclic or tricyclic rings by joining multiple atoms from each of R¹⁰² and R¹⁰³;

R¹⁰⁴ is hydrogen, optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkyl or optionally substituted C₃-C₈ cycloalkyl with 0-3 substituents selected from halo, hydroxyl, alkoxy, and haloalkoxy;

R¹⁰⁵ and R¹⁰⁶ are each independently hydrogen, optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkyl or optionally substituted C₃-C₈ cycloalkyl with 0-3 substituents selected from halo, hydroxyl, alkoxy, and haloalkoxy; or

R¹⁰⁵ and R¹⁰⁶ can form a ring by joining two atoms, one from each of R¹⁰⁵ and R¹⁰⁶;

R¹⁰⁷ and R¹⁰⁸ are each independently hydrogen, optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkyl or optionally substituted C₃-C₈ cycloalkyl with 0-3 substituents selected from halo, hydroxyl, alkoxy, and haloalkoxy; or

R¹⁰⁷ and R¹⁰⁸ can form a ring by joining two atoms, one from each of R¹⁰⁷ and R¹⁰⁸;

R¹⁰ and R¹¹ are independently hydrogen or C₁-C₆ alkyl;

R¹² is substituted C₁-C₆ alkynyl, C₃-C₈ cycloalkyl, —COO C₁-C₆ alkyl, phenyl or CF₂CF₃;

R⁹ is R²⁰¹, NHR²⁰¹ or NR²⁰¹R²⁰²;

R²⁰¹ and R²⁰² are each independently hydrogen, halo, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl with 1-4 substituents selected from halo, hydroxyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy and phenyl;

and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or stereoisomer thereof.

The invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of formula 1, including a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

In addition, the invention provides one or more methods of treating hepatitis C infection comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula I to a patient.

Also provided as part of the invention are one or more methods for making the compounds of formula I.

The present invention is directed to these, as well as other important ends, hereinafter described.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

Unless otherwise specifically set forth elsewhere in the application, the following terms may be used herein and shall have the following meanings: “Hydrogen” or “H” refers to hydrogen, including its isotopes, such as deuterium. “Halo” means fluoro, chloro, bromo, or iodo. “Alkyl” means a straight or branched alkyl group composed of 1 to 6 carbons. “Alkenyl” means a straight or branched alkyl group composed of 2 to 6 carbons with at least one double bond. “Alkynyl” means a straight- or branched alkyl group composed of 2 to 6 carbons with at least one triple bond. “Cycloalkyl” means a monocyclic ring system composed of 3 to 7 carbons. “Hydroxyalkyl,” “alkoxy” and other terms with a substituted alkyl moiety include straight and branched isomers composed of 1 to 6 carbon atoms for the alkyl moiety. “Halo” includes all halogenated isomers from monohalo substituted to perhalo substituted in substituents defined with halo, for example, “Haloalkyl” and “haloalkoxy”, “halophenyl”, “halophenoxy.” “Aryl” means a monocyclic or bicyclic aromatic hydrocarbon groups having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, or a bicyclic fused ring system wherein one or both of the rings is a phenyl group. Bicyclic fused ring systems consist of a phenyl group fused to a four- to six-membered aromatic or non-aromatic carbocyclic ring. Representative examples of aryl groups include, but are not limited to, indanyl, indenyl, naphthyl, phenyl, and tetrahydronaphthyl. “Heteroaryl” means a 5 to 7 membered monocyclic or 8 to 11 membered bicyclic aromatic ring system with 1-5 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur. Parenthetic and multiparenthetic terms are intended to clarify bonding relationships to those skilled in the art. For example, a term such as ((R)alkyl) means an alkyl substituent further substituted with the substituent R. Substituents which are illustrated by chemical drawing to bond at variable positions on a multiple ring system (for example a bicyclic ring system) are intended to bond to the ring where they are drawn to append.

Additionally, for purposes of clarity, where a substituent has a dash (-) that is not between two letters or symbols; this is used to indicate a point of attachment for a substituent. For example, —CONH₂ is attached through the carbon atom.

The invention includes all pharmaceutically acceptable salt forms of the compounds. Pharmaceutically acceptable salts are those in which the counter ions do not contribute significantly to the physiological activity or toxicity of the compounds and function as pharmacological equivalents. These salts can be made according to common organic techniques employing commercially available reagents. Some anionic salt forms include acetate, acistrate, besylate, bromide, camsylate, chloride, citrate, fumarate, glucouronate, hydrobromide, hydrochloride, hydroiodide, iodide, lactate, maleate, mesylate, nitrate, pamoate, phosphate, succinate, sulfate, tartrate, tosylate, and xinofoate. Some cationic salt forms include ammonium, aluminum, benzathine, bismuth, calcium, choline, diethylamine, diethanolamine, lithium, magnesium, meglumine, 4-phenylcyclohexylamine, piperazine, potassium, sodium, tromethamine, and zinc.

Some of the compounds of the invention possess asymmetric carbon atoms. The invention includes all stereoisomeric forms, including enantiomers and diastereomers as well as mixtures of stereoisomers such as racemates. Some stereoisomers can be made using methods known in the art. Stereoisomeric mixtures of the compounds and related intermediates can be separated into individual isomers according to methods commonly known in the art. The use of wedges or hashes in the depictions of molecular structures in the following schemes and tables is intended only to indicate relative stereochemistry, and should not be interpreted as implying absolute stereochemical assignments.

The invention is intended to include all isotopes of atoms occurring in the present compounds. Isotopes include those atoms having the same atomic number but different mass numbers. By way of general example and without limitation, isotopes of hydrogen include deuterium and tritium. Isotopes of carbon include ¹³C and ¹⁴C. Isotopically-labeled compounds of the invention can generally be prepared by conventional techniques known to those skilled in the art or by processes analogous to those described herein, using an appropriate isotopically-labeled reagent in place of the non-labeled reagent otherwise employed. Such compounds may have a variety of potential uses, for example as standards and reagents in determining biological activity. In the case of stable isotopes, such compounds may have the potential to favorably modify biological, pharmacological, or pharmacokinetic properties.

As set forth above, the invention is directed to one or more compounds of formula I, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts and/or stereoisomers thereof:

wherein

R⁰ and R¹ are independently hydrogen or methyl;

R² is optionally substituted aryl with 0-2 halo or methoxy;

R³, R⁴, R⁵ and R⁸ are independently hydrogen or halo;

R⁶ is hydrogen, halo, optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkyl or optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkoxy;

R⁷ is COOR¹⁰¹ or CON(R¹⁰²)(R¹⁰³);

R¹⁰¹ is hydrogen, optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkyl or optionally substituted C₃-C₈ cycloalkyl with 0-3 substituents selected from halo, hydroxyl, alkoxy, and haloalkoxy;

R¹⁰² and R¹⁰³ are each independently hydrogen, —(CR¹⁰R¹¹)R¹², optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkyl, optionally substituted C₃-C₈ cycloalkyl, with 0-3 substituents selected from halo, OH, OR¹⁰⁴, NH₂, NR¹⁰⁵R¹⁰⁶, COOR¹⁰⁴, CONR¹⁰⁵R¹⁰⁶, S(O)₂R¹⁰⁴, S(O)₂NR¹⁰⁵R¹⁰⁶, NR¹⁰⁴cONR¹⁰⁵R¹⁰⁶, OR¹⁰⁴cONR¹⁰⁵R¹⁰⁶, C(═NR¹⁰⁷)NR¹⁰⁵R¹⁰⁶, N_(R) ¹⁰⁸C(═NR¹⁰⁷)NR¹⁰⁵R¹⁰⁶, haloalkoxy; or

R¹⁰² and R¹⁰³ can form a ring by joining two atoms, one from each of R¹⁰² and R¹⁰³; or

R¹⁰² and R¹⁰³ can form bicyclic or tricyclic rings by joining multiple atoms from each of R¹⁰² and R¹⁰³;

R¹⁰⁴ is hydrogen, optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkyl or optionally substituted C₃-C₈ cycloalkyl with 0-3 substituents selected from halo, hydroxyl, alkoxy, and haloalkoxy;

R¹⁰⁵ and R¹⁰⁶ are each independently hydrogen, optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkyl or optionally substituted C₃-C₈ cycloalkyl with 0-3 substituents selected from halo, hydroxyl, alkoxy, and haloalkoxy; or

R¹⁰⁵ and R¹⁰⁶ can form a ring by joining two atoms, one from each of R¹⁰⁵ and R¹⁰⁶;

R¹⁰⁷ and R¹⁰⁸ are each independently hydrogen, optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkyl or optionally substituted C₃-C₈ cycloalkyl with 0-3 substituents selected from halo, hydroxyl, alkoxy, and haloalkoxy; or

R¹⁰⁷ and R¹⁰⁸ can form a ring by joining two atoms, one from each of R¹⁰⁷ and R¹⁰⁸;

R¹⁰ and R¹¹ are independently hydrogen or C₁-C₆ alkyl;

R¹² is substituted C₁-C₆ alkynyl, C₃-C₈ cycloalkyl, —COO C₁-C₆ alkyl, phenyl or CF₂CF₃;

R⁹ is R²⁰¹, NHR²⁰¹ or NR²⁰¹R²⁰²;

R²⁰¹ and R²⁰² are each independently hydrogen, halo, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl with 1-4 substituents selected from halo, hydroxyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy and phenyl;

and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or stereoisomer thereof.

In another embodiment of the invention, there is disclosed a compound of formula I

wherein

R⁰ is hydrogen;

R¹ is methyl;

R² is phenyl substituted with 1-2 halo;

R³, R⁴, R⁵ and R⁸ are independently hydrogen or flouro;

R⁶ is hydrogen, halo, or optionally substituted C₁-C₃ alkoxy;

R⁷ is COOR¹⁰¹ or CON(R¹⁰²)(R¹⁰³);

R¹⁰¹ is hydrogen, optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkyl or optionally substituted C₃-C₈ cycloalkyl with 0-3 substituents selected from halo, hydroxyl, alkoxy, and haloalkoxy;

R¹⁰² and R¹⁰³ are each independently hydrogen, —(CR¹⁰R¹¹)R¹², optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkyl, optionally substituted C₃-C₈ cycloalkyl, with 0-3 substituents selected from halo, OH, OR¹⁰⁴, NH₂, NR¹⁰⁵R¹⁰⁶, COOR¹⁰⁴, CONR¹⁰⁵R¹⁰⁶, S(O)₂R¹⁰⁴, S(O)₂NR¹⁰⁵R¹⁰⁶, NR¹⁰⁴CONR¹⁰⁵R¹⁰⁶, OR¹⁰⁴CONR¹⁰⁵R¹⁰⁶, C(═NR¹⁰⁷)NR¹⁰⁵R¹⁰⁶, NR¹⁰⁸C(═NR¹⁰⁷)NR¹⁰⁵R¹⁰⁶, haloalkoxy; or

R¹⁰² and R¹⁰³ can form a ring by joining two atoms, one from each of R¹⁰² and R¹⁰³; or

R¹⁰² and R¹⁰³ can form bicyclic or tricyclic rings by joining multiple atoms from each of R¹⁰² and R¹⁰³;

R¹⁰⁴ is hydrogen, optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkyl or optionally substituted C₃-C₈ cycloalkyl with 0-3 substituents selected from halo, hydroxyl, alkoxy, and haloalkoxy;

R¹⁰⁵ and R¹⁰⁶ are each independently hydrogen, optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkyl or optionally substituted C₃-C₈ cycloalkyl with 0-3 substituents selected from halo, hydroxyl, alkoxy, and haloalkoxy; or

R¹⁰⁵ and R¹⁰⁶ can form a ring by joining two atoms, one from each of R¹⁰⁵ and R¹⁰⁶;

R¹⁰⁷ and R¹⁰⁸ are each independently hydrogen, optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkyl or optionally substituted C₃-C₈ cycloalkyl with 0-3 substituents selected from halo, hydroxyl, alkoxy, and haloalkoxy; or

R¹⁰⁷ and R¹⁰⁸ can form a ring by joining two atoms, one from each of R¹⁰⁷ and R¹⁰⁸;

R¹⁰ and R¹¹ are independently hydrogen or C₁-C₆ alkyl;

R¹² is substituted C₁-C₆ alkynyl, C₃-C₈ cycloalkyl, —COO C₁-C₆ alkyl, phenyl or CF₂CF₃;

R⁹ is R²⁰¹, NHR²⁰¹ or NR²⁰¹R²⁰²;

R²⁰¹ and R²⁰² are each independently hydrogen, halo, alkyl, cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl with 1-3 substituents selected from halo and hydroxyl;

and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or stereoisomer thereof.

In another embodiment of the invention, there is disclosed a compound of formula I

wherein

R⁰ is hydrogen;

R¹ is methyl;

R² is phenyl substituted with fluoro;

R³, R⁴, R⁵ and R⁸ are independently hydrogen or flouro;

R⁶ is hydrogen, flouro, or —OCH₃;

R⁷ is COOR¹⁰¹ or CON(R¹⁰²)(R¹⁰³);

R¹⁰¹ is hydrogen, optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkyl or optionally substituted C₃-C₈ cycloalkyl with 0-3 substituents selected from halo, hydroxyl, alkoxy, and haloalkoxy;

R¹⁰² and R¹⁰³ are each independently hydrogen, —(CR¹⁰R¹¹)R¹², optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkyl, optionally substituted C₃-C₈ cycloalkyl, with 0-3 substituents selected from halo, OH, OR¹⁰⁴, NH₂, NR¹⁰⁵R¹⁰⁶, COOR¹⁰⁴, CONR¹⁰⁵R¹⁰⁶, S(O)_(2R) ¹⁰⁴, S(O)₂NR¹⁰⁵R¹⁰⁶, NR¹⁰⁴CONR¹⁰⁵R¹⁰⁶, OR¹⁰⁴CONR¹⁰⁵R¹⁰⁶, C(═NR¹⁰⁷)NR¹⁰⁵R¹⁰⁶; NR¹⁰⁸C(═NR¹⁰⁷)NR¹⁰⁵R¹⁰⁶, haloalkoxy; or

R¹⁰² and R¹⁰³ can form a ring by joining two atoms, one from each of R¹⁰² and R¹⁰³; or

R¹⁰² and R¹⁰³ can form bicyclic or tricyclic rings by joining multiple atoms from each of R¹⁰² and R¹⁰³;

R¹⁰⁴ is hydrogen, optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkyl or optionally substituted C₃-C₈ cycloalkyl with 0-3 substituents selected from halo, hydroxyl, alkoxy, and haloalkoxy;

R¹⁰⁵ and R¹⁰⁶ are each independently hydrogen, optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkyl or optionally substituted C₃-C₈ cycloalkyl with 0-3 substituents selected from halo, hydroxyl, alkoxy, and haloalkoxy; or

R¹⁰⁵ and R¹⁰⁶ can form a ring by joining two atoms, one from each of R¹⁰⁵ and R¹⁰⁶;

R¹⁰⁷ and R¹⁰⁸ are each independently hydrogen, optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkyl or optionally substituted C₃-C₈ cycloalkyl with 0-3 substituents selected from halo, hydroxyl, alkoxy, and haloalkoxy; or

R¹⁰⁷ and R¹⁰⁸ can form a ring by joining two atoms, one from each of R¹⁰⁷ and R¹⁰⁸;

R¹⁰ and R¹¹ are independently hydrogen or C₁-C₆ alkyl;

R¹² is substituted C₁-C₆ alkynyl, C₃-C₈ cycloalkyl, —COO C₁-C₆ alkyl, phenyl or CF₂CF₃;

R⁹ is R²⁰¹, NHR²⁰¹ or NR²⁰¹R²⁰²;

R²⁰¹ and R²⁰² are each independently hydrogen, halo or, with 1-3 substituents selected from halo and hydroxyl;

and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or stereoisomer thereof.

In another embodiment of the invention, there is disclosed a compound of formula I

wherein

R⁰ is hydrogen;

R¹ is methyl;

R² is phenyl substituted with fluoro;

R³, R⁴, R⁵ and R⁸ are independently hydrogen or flouro;

R⁶ is hydrogen, flouro, or —OCH₃;

R⁷ is COOR¹⁰¹ or CON(R¹⁰²)(R¹⁰³);

R¹⁰¹ is hydrogen, optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkyl or optionally substituted C₃-C₈ cycloalkyl with 0-3 substituents selected from halo, hydroxyl, alkoxy, and haloalkoxy;

R¹⁰² and R¹⁰³ are each independently hydrogen, —(CR¹⁰R¹¹)R¹², optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkyl, optionally substituted C₃-C₈ cycloalkyl, with 0-3 substituents selected from halo, OH, OR¹⁰⁴, NH₂, NR¹⁰⁵R¹⁰⁶, COOR¹⁰⁴, CONR¹⁰⁵R¹⁰⁶, NR¹⁰⁴CONR¹⁰⁵R¹⁰⁶, OR¹⁰⁴CONR¹⁰⁵R¹⁰⁶, haloalkoxy; or

R¹⁰² and R¹⁰³ can form a ring by joining two atoms, one from each of R¹⁰² and R¹⁰³; or

R¹⁰² and R¹⁰³ can form bicyclic or tricyclic rings by joining multiple atoms from each of R¹⁰² and R¹⁰³;

R¹⁰⁴ is hydrogen, optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkyl or optionally substituted C₃-C₈ cycloalkyl with 0-3 substituents selected from halo, hydroxyl, alkoxy, and haloalkoxy;

R¹⁰⁵ and R¹⁰⁶ are each independently hydrogen, optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkyl or optionally substituted C₃-C₈ cycloalkyl with 0-3 substituents selected from halo, hydroxyl, alkoxy, and haloalkoxy; or

R¹⁰⁵ and R¹⁰⁶ can form a ring by joining two atoms, one from each of R¹⁰⁵ and R¹⁰⁶;

R¹⁰ and R¹¹ are independently hydrogen or C₁-C₆ alkyl;

R¹² is substituted C₁-C₆ alkynyl, C₃-C₈ cycloalkyl, —COO C₁-C₆ alkyl, phenyl or CF₂CF₃;

R⁹ is halo, optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkyl or NHR²⁰¹;

R²⁰¹ is hydrogen, halo or C₁-C₆ alkyl with said alkyl optionally substituted with-1-5 substituents selected from halo and hydroxyl;

and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or stereoisomer thereof.

In another embodiment of the invention, there is disclosed a compound of formula I

wherein

R⁰ is hydrogen;

R¹ is methyl;

R² is

R³, R⁴, R⁵ and R⁸ are hydrogen;

R⁶ is hydrogen, flouro, or —OCH₃;

R⁷ is COOR¹⁰¹ or CON(R¹⁰²)(R¹⁰³);

R¹⁰¹ is hydrogen, optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkyl or optionally substituted C₃-C₈ cycloalkyl with 0-3 substituents selected from halo, hydroxyl, alkoxy, and haloalkoxy;

R¹⁰² and R¹⁰³ are each independently hydrogen, —(CR¹⁰R¹¹)R¹², optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkyl, optionally substituted C₃-C₈ cycloalkyl, with 0-3 substituents selected from halo, OH, OR¹⁰⁴, NH₂, NR¹⁰⁵R¹⁰⁶, COOR¹⁰⁴, CONR¹⁰⁵R¹⁰⁶, NR¹⁰⁴CONR¹⁰⁵R¹⁰⁶, OR¹⁰⁴CONR¹⁰⁵R¹⁰⁶, haloalkoxy; or

R¹⁰² and R¹⁰³ can form a ring by joining two atoms, one from each of R¹⁰² and R¹⁰³; or

R¹⁰² and R¹⁰³ can form bicyclic or tricyclic rings by joining multiple atoms from each of R¹⁰² and R¹⁰³;

R¹⁰⁴ is hydrogen, optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkyl or optionally substituted C₃-C₈ cycloalkyl with 0-3 substituents selected from halo, hydroxyl, alkoxy, and haloalkoxy;

R¹⁰⁵ and R¹⁰⁶ are each independently hydrogen, optionally substituted C₁-C₆ alkyl or optionally substituted C₃-C₈ cycloalkyl with 0-3 substituents selected from halo, hydroxyl, alkoxy, and haloalkoxy; or

R¹⁰⁵ and R¹⁰⁶ can form a ring by joining two atoms, one from each of R¹⁰⁵ and R¹⁰⁶;

R¹⁰ and R¹¹ are independently hydrogen or C₁-C₆ alkyl;

R¹² is substituted C₁-C₆ alkynyl, C₃-C₈ cycloalkyl, —COO C₁-C₆ alkyl, phenyl or CF₂CF₃;

R⁹ is Cl, —(CH₂)₂CF₃, —NHCH₂CF₃, —NHCH₂CF₂CF₃ or —NH(CH₂)₂OH;

and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or stereoisomer thereof.

In another embodiment of the invention, there is disclosed a compound of formula I

wherein

R⁰ is hydrogen;

R¹ is methyl;

R² is

R³, R⁴, R⁵ and Ware hydrogen;

R⁶ is hydrogen, flouro, or —OCH₃;

R⁷ is CON(R¹⁰²)(R¹⁰³);

R¹⁰² and R¹⁰³ are each independently hydrogen or —(CR¹⁰R¹¹)R¹²;

R¹⁰ and R¹¹ are independently hydrogen or C₁-C₆ alkyl;

R¹² is substituted C₁-C₆ alkynyl, C₃-C₈ cycloalkyl, —COO C₁-C₆ alkyl, phenyl or CF₂CF₃;

R⁹ is Cl, —(CH₂)₂CF₃, —NHCH₂CF₃, —NHCH₂CF₂CF₃ or —NH(CH₂)₂OH;

and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or stereoisomer thereof.

In a further embodiment, there are disclosed the following compounds of the invention

Structure

In a further embodiment, there are disclosed the following compounds of the invention:

Pharmaceutical Compositions and Methods of Treatment

The compounds according to the various embodiments herein set forth demonstrate activity against HCV NS5B, and can be useful in treating HCV and HCV infection. Therefore, another aspect of the invention is a composition comprising a compound of formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

Another aspect of the invention is a composition further comprising an additional compound having anti-HCV activity.

Another aspect of the invention is a composition where the compound having anti-HCV activity is an interferon or a ribavirin. Another aspect of the invention is wherein the interferon is selected from interferon alpha 2B, pegylated interferon alpha, consensus interferon, interferon alpha 2A, interferon lambda, and lymphoblastoid interferon tau.

Another aspect of the invention is a composition where the compound having anti-HCV activity is a cyclosporin. Another aspect of the invention is where the cyclosporin is cyclosporin A.

Another aspect of the invention is a composition where the compound having anti-HCV activity is selected from the group consisting of interleukin 2, interleukin 6, interleukin 12, a compound that enhances the development of a type 1 helper T cell response, interfering RNA, anti-sense RNA, Imiqimod, ribavirin, an inosine 5′-monophosphate dehydrogenase inhibitor, amantadine, and rimantadine.

Another aspect of the invention is a composition where the compound having anti-HCV activity is effective to inhibit the function of a target selected from HCV metalloprotease, HCV serine protease, HCV polymerase, HCV helicase, HCV NS4B protein, HCV entry, HCV assembly, HCV egress, HCV NS5A protein, IMPDH, and a nucleoside analog for the treatment of an HCV infection.

Another aspect of the invention is a composition comprising a compound of formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, an interferon and ribavirin.

Another aspect of the invention is a method of inhibiting the function of the HCV replicon comprising contacting the HCV replicon with a compound of formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Another aspect of the invention is a method of inhibiting the function of the HCV NS5B protein comprising contacting the HCV NS5B protein with a compound of formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Another aspect of the invention is a method of treating an HCV infection in a patient comprising administering to the patient a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In another embodiment the compound is effective to inhibit the function of the HCV replicon. In another embodiment the compound is effective to inhibit the function of the HCV NS5B protein.

Another aspect of the invention is a method of treating an HCV infection in a patient comprising administering to the patient a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in conjunction with (prior to, after, or concurrently) another compound having anti-HCV activity.

Another aspect of the invention is the method wherein the other compound having anti-HCV activity is an interferon or a ribavirin.

Another aspect of the invention is the method where the interferon is selected from interferon alpha 2B, pegylated interferon alpha, consensus interferon, interferon alpha 2A, interferon lambda, and lymphoblastoid interferon tau.

Another aspect of the invention is the method where the other compound having anti-HCV activity is a cyclosporin.

Another aspect of the invention is the method where the cyclosporin is cyclosporin A.

Another aspect of the invention is the method where the other compound having anti-HCV activity is selected from interleukin 2, interleukin 6, interleukin 12, a compound that enhances the development of a type 1 helper T cell response, interfering RNA, anti-sense RNA, Imiqimod, ribavirin, an inosine 5′-monophosphate dehydrogenase inhibitor, amantadine, and rimantadine.

Another aspect of the invention is the method wherein the other compound having anti-HCV activity is effective to inhibit the function of a target selected from the group consisting of HCV metalloprotease, HCV serine protease, HCV polymerase, HCV helicase, HCV NS4B protein, HCV entry, HCV assembly, HCV egress, HCV NS5A protein, IMPDH, and a nucleoside analog for the treatment of an HCV infection.

Another aspect of the invention is the method wherein the other compound having anti-HCV activity is effective to inhibit the function of target in the HCV life cycle other than the HCV NS5B protein.

“Therapeutically effective” means the amount of agent required to provide a meaningful patient benefit as understood by practitioners in the field of hepatitis and HCV infection.

“Patient” means a person infected with the HCV virus and suitable for therapy as understood by practitioners in the field of hepatitis and HCV infection.

“Treatment,” “therapy,” “regimen,” “HCV infection,” and related terms are used as understood by practitioners in the field of hepatitis and HCV infection.

The compounds of this invention are generally given as pharmaceutical compositions comprised of a therapeutically effective amount of a compound or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and may contain conventional excipients. Pharmaceutically acceptable carriers are those conventionally known carriers having acceptable safety profiles. Compositions encompass all common solid and liquid forms including for example capsules, tablets, lozenges, and powders as well as liquid suspensions, syrups, elixers, and solutions. Compositions are made using common formulation techniques, and conventional excipients (such as binding and wetting agents) and vehicles (such as water and alcohols) are generally used for compositions. See, for example, Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mack Publishing Company, Easton, Pa., 17th edition, 1985.

Solid compositions are normally formulated in dosage units and compositions providing from about 1 to 1000 mg of the active ingredient per dose are preferred. Some examples of dosages are 1 mg, 10 mg, 100 mg, 250 mg, 500 mg, and 1000 mg. Generally, other agents will be present in a unit range similar to agents of that class used clinically. Typically, this is 0.25-1000 mg/unit.

Liquid compositions are usually in dosage unit ranges. Generally, the liquid composition will be in a unit dosage range of 1-100 mg/mL. Some examples of dosages are 1 mg/mL, 10 mg/mL, 25 mg/mL, 50 mg/mL, and 100 mg/mL. Generally, other agents will be present in a unit range similar to agents of that class used clinically. Typically, this is 1-100 mg/mL.

The invention encompasses all conventional modes of administration; oral and parenteral methods are preferred. Generally, the dosing regimen will be similar to other agents used clinically. Typically, the daily dose will be 1-100 mg/kg body weight daily. Generally, more compound is required orally and less parenterally. The specific dosing regimen, however, will be determined by a physician using sound medical judgment.

The invention also encompasses methods where the compound is given in combination therapy. That is, the compound can be used in conjunction with, but separately from, other agents useful in treating hepatitis and HCV infection. In these combination methods, the compound will generally be given in a daily dose of 1-100 mg/kg body weight daily in conjunction with other agents. The other agents generally will be given in the amounts used therapeutically. The specific dosing regimen, however, will be determined by a physician using sound medical judgment.

Some examples of compounds suitable for compositions and methods are listed in Table 1.

TABLE 1 Physiological Type of Inhibitor Brand Name Class or Target Source Company NIM811 Cyclophilin Inhibitor Novartis Zadaxin Immuno-modulator Sciclone Suvus Methylene blue Bioenvision Actilon TLR9 agonist Coley (CPG10101) Batabulin (T67) Anticancer β-tubulin inhibitor Tularik Inc., South San Francisco, CA ISIS 14803 Antiviral antisense ISIS Pharmaceuticals Inc, Carlsbad, CA/Elan Phamaceuticals Inc., New York, NY Summetrel Antiviral antiviral Endo Pharmaceuticals Holdings Inc., Chadds Ford, PA GS-9132 (ACH- Antiviral HCV Inhibitor Achillion/Gilead 806) Pyrazolopyrimidine Antiviral HCV Inhibitors Arrow Therapeutics compounds and Ltd. salts From WO- 2005047288 26 May 2005 Levovirin Antiviral IMPDH inhibitor Ribapharm Inc., Costa Mesa, CA Merimepodib Antiviral IMPDH inhibitor Vertex (VX-497) Pharmaceuticals Inc., Cambridge, MA XTL-6865 (XTL- Antiviral monoclonal antibody XTL 002) Biopharmaceuticals Ltd., Rehovot, Israel Telaprevir Antiviral NS3 serine protease Vertex (VX-950, LY- inhibitor Pharmaceuticals 570310) Inc., Cambridge, MA/Eli Lilly and Co. Inc., Indianapolis, IN HCV-796 Antiviral NS5B Replicase Wyeth/Viropharma Inhibitor NM-283 Antiviral NS5B Replicase Idenix/Novartis Inhibitor GL-59728 Antiviral NS5B Replicase Gene Labs/ Inhibitor Novartis GL-60667 Antiviral NS5B Replicase Gene Labs/ Inhibitor Novartis 2′C MeA Antiviral NS5B Replicase Gilead Inhibitor PSI 6130 Antiviral NS5B Replicase Roche Inhibitor R1626 Antiviral NS5B Replicase Roche Inhibitor 2′C Methyl Antiviral NS5B Replicase Merck adenosine Inhibitor JTK-003 Antiviral RdRp inhibitor Japan Tobacco Inc., Tokyo, Japan Levovirin Antiviral ribavirin ICN Pharmaceuticals, Costa Mesa, CA Ribavirin Antiviral ribavirin Schering-Plough Corporation, Kenilworth, NJ Viramidine Antiviral Ribavirin Prodrug Ribapharm Inc., Costa Mesa, CA Heptazyme Antiviral ribozyme Ribozyme Pharmaceuticals Inc., Boulder, CO BILN-2061 Antiviral serine protease Boehringer inhibitor Ingelheim Pharma KG, Ingelheim, Germany SCH 503034 Antiviral serine protease Schering Plough inhibitor Zadazim Immune modulator Immune modulator SciClone Pharmaceuticals Inc., San Mateo, CA Ceplene Immunomodulator immune modulator Maxim Pharmaceuticals Inc., San Diego, CA CellCept Immunosuppressant HCV IgG immuno- F. Hoffmann-La suppressant Roche LTD, Basel, Switzerland Civacir Immunosuppressant HCV IgG immuno- Nabi suppressant Biopharmaceuticals Inc., Boca Raton, FL Albuferon - α Interferon albumin IFN-α2b Human Genome Sciences Inc., Rockville, MD Infergen A Interferon IFN InterMune alfacon-1 Pharmaceuticals Inc., Brisbane, CA Omega IFN Interferon IFN-ω Intarcia Therapeutics IFN-β and EMZ701 Interferon IFN-β and EMZ701 Transition Therapeutics Inc., Ontario, Canada Rebif Interferon IFN-β1a Serono, Geneva, Switzerland Roferon A Interferon IFN-α2a F. Hoffmann-La Roche LTD, Basel, Switzerland Intron A Interferon IFN-α2b Schering-Plough Corporation, Kenilworth, NJ Intron A and Interferon IFN-α2b/α1-thymosin RegeneRx Zadaxin Biopharma. Inc., Bethesda, MD/ SciClone Pharmaceuticals Inc, San Mateo, CA Rebetron Interferon IFN-α2b/ribavirin Schering-Plough Corporation, Kenilworth, NJ Actimmune Interferon INF-γ InterMune Inc., Brisbane, CA Interferon-β Interferon Interferon-β-1a Serono Multiferon Interferon Long lasting IFN Viragen/ Valentis Wellferon Interferon Lympho-blastoid GlaxoSmithKline IFN-αn1 plc, Uxbridge, UK Omniferon Interferon natural IFN-α Viragen Inc., Plantation, FL Pegasys Interferon PEGylated IFN-α2a F. Hoffmann-La Roche LTD, Basel, Switzerland Pegasys and Interferon PEGylated IFN-α2a/ Maxim Ceplene immune modulator Pharmaceuticals Inc., San Diego, CA Pegasys and Interferon PEGylated IFN- F. Hoffmann-La Ribavirin α2a/ribavirin Roche LTD, Basel, Switzerland PEG-Intron Interferon PEGylated IFN-α2b Schering-Plough Corporation, Kenilworth, NJ PEG-Intron/ Interferon PEGylated IFN- Schering-Plough Ribavirin α2b/ribavirin Corporation, Kenilworth, NJ IP-501 Liver protection antifibrotic Indevus Pharmaceuticals Inc., Lexington, MA IDN-6556 Liver protection caspase inhibitor Idun Pharmaceuticals Inc., San Diego, CA ITMN-191 (R-7227) Antiviral serine protease InterMune inhibitor Pharmaceuticals Inc., Brisbane, CA GL-59728 Antiviral NS5B Replicase Genelabs Inhibitor ANA-971 Antiviral TLR-7 agonist Anadys Boceprevir Antiviral serine protease Schering Plough inhibitor TMS-435 Antiviral serine protease Tibotec BVBA, inhibitor Mechelen, Belgium BI-201335 Antiviral serine protease Boehringer inhibitor Ingelheim Pharma KG, Ingelheim, Germany MK-7009 Antiviral serine protease Merck inhibitor PF-00868554 Antiviral replicase inhibitor Pfizer ANA598 Antiviral Non-Nucleoside Anadys NS5B Polymerase Pharmaceuticals, Inhibitor Inc., San Diego, CA, USA IDX375 Antiviral Non-Nucleoside Idenix Replicase Inhibitor Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA, USA BILB 1941 Antiviral NS5B Polymerase Boehringer Inhibitor Ingelheim Canada Ltd R&D, Laval, QC, Canada PSI-7851 Antiviral Nucleoside Pharmasset, Polymerase Inhibitor Princeton, NJ, USA PSI-7977 Antiviral Nucleotide NS5B Pharmasset, Polymerase Inhibitor Princeton, NJ, USA VCH-759 Antiviral NS5B Polymerase ViroChem Pharma Inhibitor VCH-916 Antiviral NS5B Polymerase ViroChem Pharma Inhibitor GS-9190 Antiviral NS5B Polymerase Gilead Inhibitor Peg-interferon Antiviral Interferon ZymoGenetics/ lambda Bristol-Myers Squibb

Synthesis Methods

The compounds may be made by methods known in the art, including those described below. Some reagents and intermediates are known in the art. Other reagents and intermediates can be made by methods known in the art using commercially available materials. The variables (e.g. numbered “R” substituents) used to describe the synthesis of the compounds are intended only to illustrate how to make and are not to be confused with variables used in the claims or in other sections of the specification. Abbreviations used within the schemes generally follow conventions used in the art.

Abbreviations used in the schemes generally follow conventions used in the art. Chemical abbreviations used in the specification and examples are defined as follows: “NaHMDS” for sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide; “DMF” for N,N-dimethylformamide; “MeOH” for methanol; “NBS” for N-bromosuccinimide; “Ar” for aryl; “TFA” for trifluoroacetic acid; “LAH” for lithium aluminum hydride; “DMSO” for dimethylsulfoxide; “h” for hours; “rt” for room temperature or retention time (context will dictate); “min” for minutes; “EtOAc” for ethyl acetate; “THF” for tetrahydrofuran; “EDTA” for ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; “Et₂O” for diethyl ether; “DMAP” for 4-dimethylaminopyridine; “DCE” for 1,2-dichloroethane; “ACN” for acetonitrile; “DME” for 1,2-dimethoxyethane; “HOBt” for 1-hydroxybenzotriazole hydrate; “DIEA” for diisopropylethylamine.

For the section of compounds in the 0000 series all Liquid Chromatography (LC) data were recorded on a Shimadzu LC-10AS or LC-20AS liquid chromotograph using a SPD-10AV or SPD-20A UV-Vis detector and Mass Spectrometry (MS) data were determined with a Micromass Platform for LC in electrospray mode.

HPLC Method (i.e., Compound Isolation).

Compounds purified by preparative HPLC were diluted in methanol (1.2 mL) and purified using a Shimadzu LC-8A or LC-10A or Dionex APS-3000 or Waters Acquity™ automated preparative HPLC system.

Examples

Preparation of Compounds 10001:

Step 1: To a mixture of Compound 1 (5 g), 5-borono-2-methoxybenzoic acid (3.07 g) and Cs₂CO₃ (8.49 g) in dioxane (120 mL) and water (20 mL) was added Pd(PPh₃)₄ (1.51 g). The mixture was flushed with nitrogen and then heated at 85° C. for 16 hours. The mixture was diluted with water and acidified with 1N HCl to pH ˜3 and then extracted with EtOAc (2×150 mL). The organic layers were combined, washed with brine, dried over MgSO₄ and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was purified by trituration with EtOAc to give Compound 2.

Compound 2 MS (M + H)⁺ Calcd. 455.1 MS (M + H)⁺ Observ. 454.9 Retention Time 1.84 min LC Condition Solvent A 90% Water -10% Methanol-0.1% TFA Solvent B 10% Water -90% Methanol-0.1% TFA Start % B 30 Final % B 100 Gradient Time 2 min Flow Rate 1 mL/min Wavelength 220 Solvent Pair Water - Methanol- TFA Column PHENOMENEX-LUNA 2.0 × 30 mm 3 um

Step 2: To a solution of Compound 2 (60 mg), 2,2,3,3,4,4,4-heptafluorobutan-1-amine (52.5 mg) and HATU (75 mg) in DMF (1 mL) was added iPr2NEt (0.092 mL). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 4 hours. The mixture was diluted with EtOAc (20 mL), washed with water (20 mL) and brine (20 mL), dried over MgSO₄ and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was purified by trituration with EtOAc to give Compound 10001.

10001 MS (M + H)⁺ Calcd. 636.1 MS (M + H)⁺ Observ. 635.9 Retention Time 2.15 min LC Condition Solvent A 90% Water -10% Methanol-0.1% TFA Solvent B 10% Water -90% Methanol-0.1% TFA Start % B 30 Final % B 100 Gradient Time 2 min Flow Rate 1 mL/min Wavelength 220 Solvent Pair Water - Methanol- TFA Column PHENOMENEX-LUNA 2.0 × 30 mm 3 um Preparation of Compounds 10002:

Compound 10002 was prepared via the same procedure towards compound 10001, using 2-methylbut-3-yn-2-amine as the starting material.

10002

MS (M + H)⁺ Calcd. 520.1 MS (M + H)⁺ Observ. 519.9 Retention Time  1.63 min LC Condition Solvent A  90% Water-10% Methanol-0.1% TFA Solvent B  10% Water-90% Methanol-0.1% TFA Start % B  50 Final % B 100 Gradient Time  2 min Flow Rate  1 mL/min Wavelength 220 Solvent Pair Water-Methanol-TFA Column PHENOMENEX-LUNA 2.0 x 30 mm 3 um Preparation of Compounds 10003:

Compound 10003 was prepared via the same procedure towards compound 10001, using 1,3-difluoro-2-(fluoromethyl)propan-2-amine hydrochloride as the starting material.

10003

MS (M + H)⁺ Calcd. 564.1 MS (M + H)⁺ Observ. 564.0 Retention Time  2.10 min LC Condition Solvent A  90% Water-10% Methanol-0.1% TFA Solvent B  10% Water-90% Methanol-0.1% TFA Start % B  30 Final % B 100 Gradient Time  2 min Flow Rate  1 mL/min Wavelength 220 Solvent Pair Water-Methanol-TFA Column PHENOMENEX-LUNA 2.0 x 30 mm 3 um Preparation of Compounds 11001:

Compound 11001 was prepared via the same procedure towards compound 10003 from Compound 1, using 3-borono-benzoic acid as the starting material in the Step 1.

11001

MS (M + H)⁺ Calcd. 534.1 MS (M + H)⁺ Observ. 534.1 Retention Time  1.79 min LC Condition Solvent A  5% ACN: 95% Water: 10 mM Ammonium Actetate Solvent B  95% ACN: 5% Water: 10 mM Ammonium Actetate Start % B  0 Final % B 100 Gradient Time  2 min Flow Rate  1 mL/min Wavelength 220 Solvent Pair ACN: Water: Ammonium Actetate Column Phenomenex LUNA C18, 30 x 2, 3u Preparation of Intermediate 5:

Step 1: To a mixture of Compound 1 (100 mg), (3-(methoxycarbonyl)phenyl) boronic acid (46.9 mg) and Cs₂CO₃ (170 mg) in dioxane (4 mL) and water (1 mL) was added Pd(PPh₃)₄ (30.1 mg). The mixture was flushed with nitrogen and then heated at 85° C. for 4 hours. The mixture was diluted with water and extracted with EtOAc (2×10 mL). The organic layers were combined, washed with brine (2×10 mL), dried over MgSO₄ and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was purified by trituration with EtOAc to give Compound 3.

Compound 3 MS (M + H)⁺ Calcd. 439.1 MS (M + H)⁺ Observ. 439.0 Retention Time 1.76 min LC Condition Solvent A 90% Water -10% Methanol-0.1% TFA Solvent B 10% Water -90% Methanol-0.1% TFA Start % B 50 Final % B 100 Gradient Time 2 min Flow Rate 1 mL/min Wavelength 220 Solvent Pair Water - Methanol- TFA Column PHENOMENEX-LUNA 2.0 × 30 mm 3 um

Step 2: A mixture of Compound 3 (1 g), CF₃CH₂CH₂BF₃K (1.63 g), Cs₂CO₃ (2.23 g), dicyclohexyl(2′,6′-diisopropoxy-[1,1′-biphenyl]-2-yl)phosphine (0.43 g) and diacetoxypalladium (0.10 g) in toluene (50 mL) and water (5.0 mL) was heated at 90° C. for 16 hours. The mixture was diluted with EtOAc (250 mL), washed with water (100 mL), brine (100 mL), dried over MgSO₄ and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was purified by silica gel column (hexanes:EtOAc=1:1 to 1:2) to give Compound 4.

Compound 4 MS (M + H)⁺ Calcd. 501.1 MS (M + H)⁺ Observ. 501.1 Retention Time 1.88 min LC Condition Solvent A 90% Water -10% Methanol-0.1% TFA Solvent B 10% Water -90% Methanol-0.1% TFA Start % B 50 Final % B 100 Gradient Time 2 min Flow Rate 1 mL/min Wavelength 220 Solvent Pair Water - Methanol- TFA Column PHENOMENEX-LUNA 2.0 × 30 mm 3 um

Step 3: A mixture of Compound 4 (400 mg) and NaOH (4.0 mL, 1N) in THF (30 mL) and water (15 mL) was heated at 80° C. for 6 hours. The mixture was acidified by 1N HCl to pH ˜5 and extracted with EtOAc (2×50 mL). The organic layers were combined, washed with brine (2×50 mL), dried over MgSO₄ and concentrated under vacuum to give Compound 5 which was used as was.

Compound 5 MS (M + H)⁺ Calcd. 487.1 MS (M + H)⁺ Observ. 487.0 Retention Time 1.64 min LC Condition Solvent A 90% Water -10% Methanol-0.1% TFA Solvent B 10% Water -90% Methanol-0.1% TFA Start % B 50 Final % B 100 Gradient Time 2 min Flow Rate 1 mL/min Wavelength 220 Solvent Pair Water - Methanol- TFA Column PHENOMENEX-LUNA 2.0 × 30 mm 3 um Preparation of Compounds 20001, 20003-20037:

iPr₂NEt or Et₃N (2 eq.) and HATU or HCTU or DEBPT (1.3 eq.) were added into a solution of Compound 5 (1 eq.) and amine (1.3 eq.) in DMF or THF. The reaction was stirred at room temperature or 85° C. for 30 minutes to 72 hours. The desired product was isolated by preparative HPLC system.

LC Condition A Solvent A 90% Water -10% Methanol-0.1% TFA Solvent B 10% Water -90% Methanol-0.1% TFA Start % B 50 Final % B 100 Gradient Time 2 min Flow Rate 1 mL/min Wavelength 220 Solvent Pair Water - Methanol- TFA Column PHENOMENEX-LUNA 2.0 × 30 mm 3 um

LC Condition B Solvent A 5% ACN:95% Water:10 mM Ammonium Actetate Solvent B 95% ACN:5% Water:10 mM Ammonium Actetate Start % B 0 Final % B 100 Gradient Time 2 min Flow Rate 1 mL/min Wavelength 220 Solvent Pair ACN:Water:Ammonium Actetate Column Phenomenex LUNA C18, 30 × 2, 3 u

LC Condition C Solvent A 5% ACN:95% Water:10 mM Ammonium Actetate Solvent B 95% ACN:5% Water:10 mM Ammonium Actetate Start % B 30 Final % B 100 Gradient Time 4 min Flow Rate 0.8 mL/min Wavelength 220 Solvent Pair ACN:Water:Ammonium Actetate Column Phenomenex LUNA C18, 50 × 2, 3 u

LC Condition D Solvent A 90% Water -10% Methanol-0.1% TFA Solvent B 10% Water -90% Methanol-0.1% TFA Start % B 0 Final % B 100 Gradient Time 2 min Flow Rate 1 mL/min Wavelength 220 Solvent Pair Water - Methanol- TFA Column PHENOMENEX-LUNA 2.0 × 30 mm 3 um

MS MS Retention Cmpd LC (M + H)⁺ (M + H)⁺ Time # Method Structure Calcd. Observ. (min) 20001 A

596.2 596.2 1.91 20003 B

552.2 552.3 1.90 20004 A

582.2 582.1 1.83 20005 A

596.2 596.1 1.92 20006 A

570.2 570.2 1.65 20007 A

568.2 568.2 1.99 20008 A

580.2 580.2 1.98 20009 A

568.2 568.2 1.93 20010 A

568.2 568.2 1.92 20011 A

554.2 554.1 1.87 20012 A

554.2 554.2 1.89 20013 A

554.2 554.1 1.87 20014 A

584.2 584.2 1.80 20015 A

584.2 584.2 1.80 20016 A

584.2 584.2 1.79 20017 A

616.2 616.2 2.03 20018 C

624.2 624.4 2.46 20019 D

568.1 568.1 2.27 20020 D

569.2 569.1 2.12 20021 D

550.2 550.0 2.22 20022 D

618.1 618.1 2.30 20023 D

586.2 586.1 2.23 20024 D

585.2 585.1 2.15 20025 D

560.2 560.1 2.27 20026 D

572.2 572.2 2.22 20027 D

574.2 574.2 2.14 20028 D

585.2 585.2 2.19 20029 D

600.2 600.1 2.30 20030 D

556.2 556.1 2.37 20031 D

570.2 570.1 2.23 20032 D

584.2 584.1 2.30 20033 D

586.2 586.1 2.36 20034 D

556.2 556.0 2.23 20035 B

564.2 564.3 1.84 20036 D

572.2 572.1 2.23 20037 D

668.1 668.0 2.39 Preparation of Compound 20002:

A mixture of Compound 11001 (30 mg), CF₃CH₂CH₂BF₃K (40.1 mg), cesium carbonate (54.9 mg), dicyclohexyl(2′,6′-diisopropoxy-[1,1′-biphenyl]-2-yl)phosphine (10.49 mg) and diacetoxypalladium (2.52 mg) in toluene (3 mL) and water (0.3 mL) was heated at 80° C. for 16 hours. The mixture was diluted with EtOAc (30 mL), washed with water (30 mL), brine (30 mL), dried over MgSO₄ and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was purified by preparative HPLC system.

20002 MS (M + H)⁺ Calcd. 596.2 MS (M + H)⁺ Observ. 596.0 Retention Time 1.89 min LC Condition Solvent A 90% Water -10% Methanol-0.1% TFA Solvent B 10% Water -90% Methanol-0.1% TFA Start % B 50 Final % B 100 Gradient Time 2 min Flow Rate 1 mL/min Wavelength 220 Solvent Pair Water - Methanol- TFA Column PHENOMENEX-LUNA 2.0 × 30 mm 3 um Preparation of Compound 21001:

Compound 21001 was prepared via the same procedure towards Compound 20002, using Compound 10002 as the starting material.

21001

MS (M + H)⁺ Calcd. 582.2 MS (M + H)⁺ Observ. 582.2 Retention Time 1.65 min LC Condition Solvent A 90% Water-10% Methanol-0.1% TFA Solvent B 10% Water-90% Methanol-0.1% TFA Start % B  50   Final % B 100   Gradient Time 2 min Flow Rate 1 mL/min Wavelength 220   Solvent Pair Water-Methanol-TFA Column PHENOMENEX-LUNA 2.0 × 30 mm 3 um Preparation of Compound 21002:

Compound 21002 was prepared via the same procedure towards Compound 20002, using Compound 10001 as the starting material.

21002

MS (M + H)⁺ Calcd. 698.1 MS (M + H)⁺ Observ. 698.0 Retention Time 2.04 min LC Condition Solvent A 90% Water-10% Methanol-0.1% TFA Solvent B 10% Water-90% Methanol-0.1% TFA Start % B  50   Final % B 100   Gradient Time 2 min Flow Rate 1 mL/min Wavelength 220   Solvent Pair Water-Methanol-TFA Column PHENOMENEX-LUNA 2.0 × 30 mm 3 um Preparation of Compound 21003:

Compound 21003 was prepared via the same procedure towards Compound 20002, using Compound 10003 as the starting material.

21003

MS (M + H)⁺ Calcd. 626.2 MS (M + H)⁺ Observ. 626.2 Retention Time 1.92 min LC Condition Solvent A 90% Water-10% Methanol-0.1% TFA Solvent B 10% Water-90% Methanol-0.1% TFA Start % B  50   Final % B 100   Gradient Time 2 min Flow Rate 1 mL/min Wavelength 220   Solvent Pair Water-Methanol-TFA Column PHENOMENEX-LUNA 2.0 × 30 mm 3 um Preparation of Intermediate 8:

Step 1: To a mixture of Compound 1 (1 g), (4-fluoro-3-(methoxycarbonyl)phenyl)boronic acid (0.62 g) and Cs₂CO₃ (1.70 g) in dioxane (40 mL) and water (4 mL) was added Pd(PPh₃)₄ (0.30 g). The mixture was flushed with nitrogen and then heated at 85° C. for 16 hours. The mixture was diluted with water and then extracted with EtOAc (2×100 mL). The organic layers were combined, washed with brine (100 mL), dried over MgSO₄ and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was purified by trituration with EtOAc to give Compound 6.

Compound 6 MS (M + H)⁺ Calcd. 457.1 MS (M + H)⁺ Observ. 457.0 Retention Time 1.76 min LC Condition Solvent A 90% Water -10% Methanol-0.1% TFA Solvent B 10% Water -90% Methanol-0.1% TFA Start % B 50 Final % B 100 Gradient Time 2 min Flow Rate 1 mL/min Wavelength 220 Solvent Pair Water - Methanol- TFA Column PHENOMENEX-LUNA 2.0 × 30 mm 3 um

Step 2: A mixture of Compound 6 (270 mg), potassium trifluoro(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)borate (422 mg), cesium carbonate (578 mg), dicyclohexyl(2′,6′-diisopropoxy-[1,1′-biphenyl]-2-yl)phosphine (110 mg) and diacetoxypalladium (26.5 mg) in toluene (10 mL) and water (1.0 mL) was heated at 80° C. for 16 hours. The mixture was diluted with EtOAc (20 mL), washed with water (20 mL), brine (20 mL), dried over MgSO₄ and concentrated under vacuum to give Compound 7 which was used as was.

Compound 7 MS (M + H)⁺ Calcd. 519.1 MS (M + H)⁺ Observ. 519.1 Retention Time 1.94 min LC Condition Solvent A 90% Water -10% Methanol-0.1% TFA Solvent B 10% Water -90% Methanol-0.1% TFA Start % B 50 Final % B 100 Gradient Time 2 min Flow Rate 1 mL/min Wavelength 220 Solvent Pair Water - Methanol- TFA Column PHENOMENEX-LUNA 2.0 × 30 mm 3 um

Step 3: To a suspension of Compound 7 (50 mg) in acetone (3 mL) and water (1 mL) was added NaOH (1.93 mL, 1N). The mixture was heated at 80° C. for 4 hours. The mixture was acidified by 1N HCl to pH ˜3. The precipitate was collected by filtration to give Compound 8 which was used as was.

Compound 8 MS (M + H)⁺ Calcd. 505.1 MS (M + H)⁺ Observ. 505.0 Retention Time 1.64 min LC Condition Solvent A 90% Water -10% Methanol-0.1% TFA Solvent B 10% Water -90% Methanol-0.1% TFA Start % B 50 Final % B 100 Gradient Time 2 min Flow Rate 1 mL/min Wavelength 220 Solvent Pair Water - Methanol- TFA Column PHENOMENEX-LUNA 2.0 × 30 mm 3 um Preparation of Compounds 22001-22003:

iPr₂NEt or Et₃N (2 eq.) and HATU or HCTU or DEBPT (1.3 eq.) were added into a solution of Compound 8 (1 eq.) and amine (1.3 eq.) in DMF or THF. The reaction was stirred at room temperature or 85° C. for 30 minutes to 72 hours. The desired product was isolated by preparative HPLC system.

LC Condition Solvent A 90% Water -10% Methanol-0.1% TFA Solvent B 10% Water -90% Methanol-0.1% TFA Start % B 50 Final % B 100 Gradient Time 2 min Flow Rate 1 mL/min Wavelength 220 Solvent Pair Water - Methanol- TFA Column PHENOMENEX-LUNA 2.0 × 30 mm 3 um

MS MS Retention Cmpd (M + H)⁺ (M + H)⁺ Time # Structure Calcd. Observ. (min) 22001

600.2 600.1 1.82 22002

614.2 614.1 1.93 22003

614.2 614.2 1.96 Preparation of Compound 23001:

Step 1: To a mixture of Compound 1 (0.35 g), (3,4-difluoro-5-(methoxycarbonyl)phenyl)boronic acid (0.20 g) and Cs₂CO₃ (0.60 g) in dioxane (10 mL) and water (2 mL) was added Pd(PPh₃)₄ (0.11 g). The mixture was flushed with nitrogen and then heated at 85° C. for 16 hours. The mixture was diluted with water and then extracted with EtOAc (2×100 mL). The organic layers were combined, washed with brine (100 mL) and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was purified by silica gel column (Hexanes/EOAc=2:1) to give Compound 9.

Compound 9 MS (M + H)⁺ Calcd. 475.1 MS (M + H)⁺ Observ. 475.0 Retention Time 1.86 min LC Condition Solvent A 90% Water -10% Methanol-0.1% TFA Solvent B 10% Water -90% Methanol-0.1% TFA Start % B 50 Final % B 100 Gradient Time 2 min Flow Rate 1 mL/min Wavelength 220 Solvent Pair Water - Methanol- TFA Column PHENOMENEX-LUNA 2.0 × 30 mm 3 um

Step 2: Compound 23001 was prepared via the same procedure towards Compound 20002, using Compound 9 as the starting material.

23001 MS (M + H)⁺ Calcd. 537.1 MS (M + H)⁺ Observ. 537.4 Retention Time 1.98 min LC Condition Solvent A 5% ACN:95% Water:10 mM Ammonium Actetate Solvent B 95% ACN:5% Water:10 mM Ammonium Actetate Start % B 0 Final % B 100 Gradient Time 2 min Flow Rate 1 mL/min Wavelength 220 Solvent Pair ACN:Water:Ammonium Actetate Column Phenomenex LUNA C18, 30 × 2, 3 u Preparation of Intermediate 11:

Step 1: A mixture of Compound 3 (800 mg) and NaOH (9.12 mL, 1N) in THF (30 mL) and water (15 mL) was heated at 80° C. for 6 hours. The mixture was acidified by 1N HCl to pH ˜5 and extracted with EtOAc (2×50 mL). The organic layers were combined, washed with brine (50 mL), dried over MgSO₄ and concentrated under vacuum to give Compound 10.

Compound 10 MS (M + H)⁺ Calcd. 425.1 MS (M + H)⁺ Observ. 425.0 Retention Time 1.49 min LC Condition Solvent A 90% Water -10% Methanol-0.1% TFA Solvent B 10% Water -90% Methanol-0.1% TFA Start % B 50 Final % B 100 Gradient Time 2 min Flow Rate 1 mL/min Wavelength 220 Solvent Pair Water - Methanol- TFA Column PHENOMENEX-LUNA 2.0 × 30 mm 3 um

Step 2: A mixture of Compound 10 (175 mg), chloro[2-(dicyclohexylphosphino)-3,6-dimethoxy-2′,4′,6′-tri-i-propyl-1,1′-biphenyl][2-(2-aminoethyl)phenyl]palladium (II) (28.2 mg) and sodium 2-methylbutan-2-olate (194 mg) in dioxane (10 mL) was heated at 90° C. for 30 minutes. The mixture was diluted with EtOAc (20 mL), washed with water (20 mL), brine (20 mL), dried over MgSO₄ and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was purified by preparative HPLC system.

Compound 11 MS (M + H)⁺ Calcd. 488.1 MS (M + H)⁺ Observ. 488.0 Retention Time 1.91 min LC Condition Solvent A 90% Water -10% Methanol-0.1% TFA Solvent B 10% Water -90% Methanol-0.1% TFA Start % B 30 Final % B 100 Gradient Time 2 min Flow Rate 1 mL/min Wavelength 220 Solvent Pair Water - Methanol- TFA Column PHENOMENEX-LUNA 2.0 × 30 mm 3 um Preparation of Compounds 30001-30016:

iPr₂NEt or Et₃N (2 eq.) and HATU or HCTU or DEBPT (1.3 eq.) were added into a solution of Compound 11 (1 eq.) and amine (1.3 eq.) in DMF or THF. The reaction was stirred at room temperature or 85° C. for 30 minutes to 72 hours. The desired product was isolated by preparative HPLC system.

LC Condition A Solvent A 90% Water -10% Methanol-0.1% TFA Solvent B 10% Water -90% Methanol-0.1% TFA Start % B 50 Final % B 100 Gradient Time 2 min Flow Rate 1 mL/min Wavelength 220 Solvent Pair Water - Methanol- TFA Column PHENOMENEX-LUNA 2.0 × 30 mm 3 um

LC Condition B Solvent A 5% ACN:95% Water:10 mM Ammonium Actetate Solvent B 95% ACN:5% Water:10 mM Ammonium Actetate Start % B 0 Final % B 100 Gradient Time 2 min Flow Rate 1 mL/min Wavelength 220 Solvent Pair ACN:Water:Ammonium Actetate Column Phenomenex LUNA C18, 30 × 2, 3 u

MS MS Retention Cmpd LC (M + H)⁺ (M + H)⁺ Time # Method Structure Calcd. Observ. (min) 30001 A

597.2 597.1 1.76 30002 A

553.2 553.1 1.73 30003 A

637.2 637.2 1.78 30004 A

583.2 583.2 1.71 30005 A

597.2 597.2 1.80 30006 A

597.2 597.2 1.81 30007 A

609.2 609.2 1.83 30008 A

585.2 585.2 1.48 30009 A

587.2 587.2 1.60 30010 A

559.2 559.2 1.53 30011 A

557.2 557.2 1.85 30012 A

607.2 607.2 1.65 30013 A

586.2 586.2 1.40 30014 A

573.2 573.2 1.56 30015 B

605.2 605.3 2.01 30016 A

607.2 607.2 1.64 Preparation of Compound 31001:

A mixture of Compound 10001 (16 mg), 2,2,2-trifluoroethanamine (12.46 mg), chloro[2-(dicyclohexylphosphino)-3,6-dimethoxy-2′,4′,6′-tri-i-propyl-1,1′-biphenyl][2-(2-aminoethyl)phenyl]palladium (II) (4.02 mg) and sodium 2-methylbutan-2-olate (13.86 mg) in dioxane (2 mL) was heated at 90° C. for 20 minutes. The mixture was diluted with EtOAc (20 mL) and washed with water (20 mL) and brine (20 mL). The organic layer was concentrated under vacuum to give a residue which was purified by preparative HPLC system.

Compound 31001 MS (M + H)⁺ Calcd. 699.1 MS (M + H)⁺ Observ. 699.0 Retention Time 1.94 min LC Condition Solvent A 90% Water -10% Methanol-0.1% TFA Solvent B 10% Water -90% Methanol-0.1% TFA Start % B 50 Final % B 100 Gradient Time 2 min Flow Rate 1 mL/min Wavelength 220 Solvent Pair Water - Methanol- TFA Column PHENOMENEX-LUNA 2.0 × 30 mm 3 um Preparation of Intermediate 12:

Intermediate 12 was prepared via the same procedure towards Intermediate 11 from Compound 10, using Compound 2 as the starting material.

Compound 12 MS (M + H)⁺ Calcd. 518.1 MS (M + H)⁺ Observ. 518.0 Retention Time 1.89 min LC Condition Solvent A 90% Water -10% Methanol-0.1% TFA Solvent B 10% Water -90% Methanol-0.1% TFA Start % B 30 Final % B 100 Gradient Time 2 min Flow Rate 1 mL/min Wavelength 220 Solvent Pair Water - Methanol- TFA Column PHENOMENEX-LUNA 2.0 × 30 mm 3 um Preparation of Compound 31002:

To a solution of Compound 12 (20 mg), 1,3-difluoro-2-(fluoromethyl)propan-2-amine hydrochloride (9.48 mg) and HATU (22.05 mg) in DMF (5 mL) was added iPr₂NEt (0.027 mL). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 4 hours. The mixture was diluted with EtOAc (20 mL), washed with water (20 mL) and brine (20 mL), dried over MgSO₄ and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was purified by silica gel column (Hexanes/EtOAc=1:2) to give Compound 31002.

Compound 31002 MS (M + H)⁺ Calcd. 627.2 MS (M + H)⁺ Observ. 627.1 Retention Time 1.86 min LC Condition Solvent A 90% Water -10% Methanol-0.1% TFA Solvent B 10% Water -90% Methanol-0.1% TFA Start % B 50 Final % B 100 Gradient Time 2 min Flow Rate 1 mL/min Wavelength 220 Solvent Pair Water - Methanol- TFA Column PHENOMENEX-LUNA 2.0 × 30 mm 3 um Preparation of Intermediate 13:

To a mixture of Compound 1 (1 g), (4-fluoro-3-(methoxycarbonyl)phenyl)boronic acid (0.62 g) and Cs₂CO₃ (1.70 g) in dioxane (40 mL) and water (4 mL) was added Pd(PPh₃)₄ (0.30 g). The mixture was flushed with nitrogen and then heated at 85° C. for 16 hours. The mixture was diluted with water and then extracted with EtOAc (2×100 mL). The organic layers were combined, washed with brine (100 mL), dried over MgSO₄ and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was purified by trituration with EtOAc to give Compound 13.

Compound 13 MS (M + H)⁺ Calcd. 457.1 MS (M + H)⁺ Observ. 457.0 Retention Time 1.76 min LC Condition Solvent A 90% Water -10% Methanol-0.1% TFA Solvent B 10% Water -90% Methanol-0.1% TFA Start % B 50 Final % B 100 Gradient Time 2 min Flow Rate 1 mL/min Wavelength 220 Solvent Pair Water - Methanol- TFA Column PHENOMENEX-LUNA 2.0 × 30 mm 3 um Preparation of Intermediate 14:

Intermediate 14 was prepared via the same procedure towards Intermediate 11, using Compound 13 as the starting material at step 1.

Compound 14 MS (M + H)⁺ Calcd. 506.1 MS (M + H)⁺ Observ. 506.0 Retention Time 1.60 min LC Condition Solvent A 90% Water -10% Methanol-0.1% TFA Solvent B 10% Water -90% Methanol-0.1% TFA Start % B 50 Final % B 100 Gradient Time 2 min Flow Rate 1 mL/min Wavelength 220 Solvent Pair Water - Methanol- TFA Column PHENOMENEX-LUNA 2.0 × 30 mm 3 um Preparation of Compounds 32001-32003:

iPr₂NEt or Et₃N (2 eq.) and HATU or HCTU or DEBPT (1.3 eq.) were added into a solution of Compound 14 (1 eq.) and amine (1.3 eq.) in DMF or THF. The reaction was stirred at room temperature or 85° C. for 30 minutes to 72 hours. The desired product was isolated by preparative HPLC system.

LC Condition A Solvent A 90% Water -10% Methanol-0.1% TFA Solvent B 10% Water -90% Methanol-0.1% TFA Start % B 50 Final % B 100 Gradient Time 2 min Flow Rate 1 mL/min Wavelength 220 Solvent Pair Water - Methanol- TFA Column PHENOMENEX-LUNA 2.0 × 30 mm 3 um

MS MS Retention Cmpd (M + H)⁺ (M + H)⁺ Time # Structure Calcd. Observ. (min) 32001

601.1 601.1 1.70 32002

615.2 615.1 1.83 32003

615.2 615.2 1.87 Preparation of Intermediate 15:

A mixture of Compound 2 (460 mg), 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropan-1-amine (781 mg), chloro[2-(dicyclohexylphosphino)-3,6-dimethoxy-2′,4′,6′-tri-i-propyl-1,1′-biphenyl][2-(2-aminoethyl)phenyl]palladium (II) (84 mg) and sodium 2-methylbutan-2-olate (577 mg) in dioxane (25 mL) was heated at 85° C. for 30 minutes. The mixture was diluted with EtOAc (100 mL), washed with water (100 mL) and brine (100 mL), dried over MgSO₄ and concentrated under vacuum to give Compound 15.

Compound 15 MS (M + H)⁺ Calcd. 538.1 MS (M + H)⁺ Observ. 538.0 Retention Time 1.79 min LC Condition Solvent A 90% Water -10% Methanol-0.1% TFA Solvent B 10% Water -90% Methanol-0.1% TFA Start % B 50 Final % B 100 Gradient Time 2 min Flow Rate 1 mL/min Wavelength 220 Solvent Pair Water - Methanol- TFA Column PHENOMENEX-LUNA 2.0 × 30 mm 3 um Preparation of Compounds 40001-40005:

iPr₂NEt or Et₃N (2 eq.) and HATU or HCTU or DEBPT (1.3 eq.) were added into a solution of Compound 15 (1 eq.) and amine (1.3 eq.) in DMF or THF. The reaction was stirred at room temperature or 85° C. for 30 minutes to 72 hours. The desired product was isolated by preparative HPLC system.

LC Condition A Solvent A 90% Water -10% Methanol-0.1% TFA Solvent B 10% Water -90% Methanol-0.1% TFA Start % B 50 Final % B 100 Gradient Time 2 min Flow Rate 1 mL/min Wavelength 220 Solvent Pair Water - Methanol- TFA Column PHENOMENEX-LUNA 2.0 × 30 mm 3 um

LC Condition B Solvent A 5% ACN:95% Water:10 mM Ammonium Actetate Solvent B 95% ACN:5% Water:10 mM Ammonium Actetate Start % B 0 Final % B 100 Gradient Time 2 min Flow Rate 1 mL/min Wavelength 220 Solvent Pair ACN:Water:Ammonium Actetate Column Phenomenex LUNA C18, 30 × 2, 3 u

LC Condition C Solvent A 5% Water -95% Methanol-0.1% TFA Solvent B 95% Water -5% Methanol-0.1% TFA Start % B 50 Final % B 100 Gradient Time 2 min Flow Rate 1 mL/min Wavelength 220 Solvent Pair Methanol-Water- TFA Column PHENOMENEX-LUNA 2.0 × 30 mm 3 um

MS MS Retention Cmpd LC (M + H)⁺ (M + H)⁺ Time # Method Structure Calcd. Observ. (min) 40001 A

607.2 607.2 2.07 40002 A

593.2 593.1 1.99 40003 B

602.3 602.4 1.96 40004 B

647.2 647.3 1.94 40005 C

603.2 603.4 1.85 Preparation of Intermediate 16:

Intermediate 16 was prepared via the same procedure towards Intermediate 15 from Compound 2, using 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropan-1-amine as the starting material.

Compound 16 MS (M + H)⁺ Calcd. 568.1 MS (M + H)⁺ Observ. 568.1 Retention Time 1.74 min LC Condition Solvent A 90% Water -10% Methanol-0.1% TFA Solvent B 10% Water -90% Methanol-0.1% TFA Start % B 50 Final % B 100 Gradient Time 2 min Flow Rate 1 mL/min Wavelength 220 Solvent Pair Water - Methanol- TFA Column PHENOMENEX-LUNA 2.0 × 30 mm 3 um Preparation of Compounds 41001-41005:

iPr₂NEt or Et₃N (2 eq.) and HATU or HCTU or DEBPT (1.3 eq.) were added into a solution of Compound 16 (1 eq.) and amine (1.3 eq.) in DMF or THF. The reaction was stirred at room temperature or 85° C. for 30 minutes to 72 hours. The desired product was isolated by preparative HPLC system.

LC Condition A Solvent A 5% ACN:95% Water:10 mM Ammonium Actetate Solvent B 95% ACN:5% Water:10 mM Ammonium Actetate Start % B 30 Final % B 100 Gradient Time 2 min Flow Rate 1 mL/min Wavelength 220 Solvent Pair ACN:Water:Ammonium Actetate Column Phenomenex LUNA C18, 30 × 2, 3 u

LC Condition B Solvent A 5% ACN:95% Water:10 mM Ammonium Actetate Solvent B 95% ACN:5% Water:10 mM Ammonium Actetate Start % B 0 Final % B 100 Gradient Time 2 min Flow Rate 1 mL/min Wavelength 220 Solvent Pair ACN:Water:Ammonium Actetate Column Phenomenex LUNA C18, 30 × 2, 3 u

LC Condition C Solvent A 90% Water -10% Methanol-0.1% TFA Solvent B 10% Water -90% Methanol-0.1% TFA Start % B 50 Final % B 100 Gradient Time 2 min Flow Rate 1 mL/min Wavelength 220 Solvent Pair Water - Methanol- TFA Column PHENOMENEX-LUNA 2.0 × 30 mm 3 um

LC Condition D Solvent A 90% Water -10% Methanol-0.1% TFA Solvent B 10% Water -90% Methanol-0.1% TFA Start % B 30 Final % B 100 Gradient Time 2 min Flow Rate 1 mL/min Wavelength 220 Solvent Pair Water - Methanol- TFA Column PHENOMENEX-LUNA 2.0 × 30 mm 3 um

MS MS Retention Cmpd LC (M + H)⁺ (M + H)⁺ Time # Method Structure Calcd. Observ. (min) 41001 A

623.2 623.3 1.77 41002 B

637.2 637.4 2.05 41003 C

677.2 677.2 1.98 41004 B

633.2 633.3 1.99 41005 D

632.3 632.2 2.21 Preparation of Intermediate 17:

Intermediate 17 was prepared via the same procedure towards Intermediate 11 from Compound 10, using 2-aminoethanol as the starting material.

Compound 17 MS (M + H)⁺ Calcd. 450.1 MS (M + H)⁺ Observ. 450.1 Retention Time 1.88 min LC Condition Solvent A 90% Water -10% Methanol-0.1% TFA Solvent B 10% Water -90% Methanol-0.1% TFA Start % B 0 Final % B 100 Gradient Time 2 min Flow Rate 1 mL/min Wavelength 220 Solvent Pair Water - Methanol- TFA Column PHENOMENEX-LUNA 2.0 × 30 mm 3 um Preparation of Compounds 42001-42003:

iPr₂NEt or Et₃N (2 eq.) and HATU or HCTU or DEBPT (1.3 eq.) were added into a solution of Compound 17 (1 eq.) and amine (1.3 eq.) in DMF or THF. The reaction was stirred at room temperature or 85° C. for 30 minutes to 72 hours. The desired product was isolated by preparative HPLC system.

LC Condition Solvent A 90% Water -10% Methanol-0.1% TFA Solvent B 10% Water -90% Methanol-0.1% TFA Start % B 0 Final % B 100 Gradient Time 2 min Flow Rate 1 mL/min Wavelength 220 Solvent Pair Water - Methanol- TFA Column PHENOMENEX-LUNA 2.0 × 30 mm 3 um

MS MS Retention Cmpd (M + H)⁺ (M + H)⁺ Time # Structure Calcd. Observ. (min) 42001

559.2 559.2 2.03 42002

559.2 559.2 1.97 42003

514.3 514.3 2.03

Biological Methods

The compound demonstrated activity against HCV NS5B as determined in the following HCV RdRp assays.

HCV NS5B RdRp Cloning, Expression and Purification.

The cDNA encoding NS5B proteins of HCV genotype 1b (Con1), a genotype 1b variant with amino acid 316 mutated from cysteine to asparagine, and genotype 2a (JFH-1), were cloned into the pET21a expression vector. Each untagged protein was expressed with an 18 amino acid C-terminal truncation to enhance the solubility. The E. coli competent cell line BL21(DE3) was used for expression of the protein. Cultures were grown at 37° C. for ˜4 hours until the cultures reached an optical density of 2.0 at 600 nm. The cultures were cooled to 20° C. and induced with 1 mM IPTG. Fresh ampicillin was added to a final concentration of 50 μg/mL and the cells were grown overnight at 20° C.

Cell pellets (3 L) were lysed for purification to yield 15-24 mgs of purified NS5B. The lysis buffer consisted of 20 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.4, 500 mM NaCl, 0.5% triton X-100, 1 mM DTT, 1 mM EDTA, 20% glycerol, 0.5 mg/mL lysozyme, 10 mM MgCl₂, 15 ug/mL deoxyribonuclease I, and Complete™ protease inhibitor tablets (Roche). After addition of the lysis buffer, frozen cell pellets were resuspended using a tissue homogenizer. To reduce the viscosity of the sample, aliquots of the lysate were sonicated on ice using a microtip attached to a Branson sonicator. The sonicated lysate was centrifuged at 100,000×g for 30 minutes at 4° C. and filtered through a 0.2 μm filter unit (Corning).

The protein was purified using two sequential chromatography steps: Heparin sepharose CL-6B and polyU sepharose 4B. The chromatography buffers were identical to the lysis buffer but contained no lysozyme, deoxyribonuclease I, MgCl₂ or protease inhibitor and the NaCl concentration of the buffer was adjusted according to the requirements for charging the protein onto the column. Each column was eluted with a NaCl gradient which varied in length from 5-50 column volumes depending on the column type. After the final chromatography step, the resulting purity of the enzyme is >90% based on SDS-PAGE analysis. The enzyme was aliquoted and stored at −80° C.

HCV NS5B RdRp Enzyme Assay.

An on-bead solid phase homogeneous assay was used in a 384-well format to assess NS5B inhibitors (Wang Y-K, Rigat K, Roberts S, and Gao M (2006) Anal Biochem, 359: 106-111). The biotinylated oligo dT₁₂ primer was captured on streptavidin-coupled imaging beads (GE, RPNQ0261) by mixing primer and beads in 1× buffer and incubating at room temperature for three hours. Unbound primer was removed after centrifugation. The primer-bound beads were resuspended in 3× reaction mix (20 mM Hepes buffer, pH 7.5, dT primer coupled beads, poly A template, ³H-UTP, and RNAse inhibitor (Promega N2515)). Compounds were serially diluted 1:3 in DMSO and aliquoted into assay plates. Equal volumes (5 μL) of water, 3× reaction mix, and enzyme in 3× assay buffer (60 mM Hepes buffer, pH 7.5, 7.5 mM MgCl₂, 7.5 mM KCl, 3 mM DTT, 0.03 mg/mL BSA, 6% glycerol) were added to the diluted compound on the assay plate. Final concentration of components in 384-well assay: 0.36 nM template, 15 nM primer, 0.29 μM ³H-UTP (0.3 μCi), 1.6 U/μL RNAse inhibitor, 7 nM NS5B enzyme, 0.01 mg/mL BSA, 1 mM DTT, and 0.33 μg/μL beads, 20 mM Hepes buffer, pH 7.5, 2.5 mM MgCl₂, 2.5 mM KCl, and 0.1% DMSO.

Reactions were allowed to proceed for 24 hours at 30° C. and terminated by the addition of 50 mM EDTA (5 μL). After incubating for at least 15 minutes, plates were read on an Amersham LEADseeker multimodality imaging system.

IC₅₀ values for compounds were determined using ten different [I]. IC₅₀ values were calculated from the inhibition using the four-parameter logistic formula y=A+((B−A)/(1+((C/x)^D))), where A and B denote minimal and maximal % inhibition, respectively, C is the IC₅₀, D is hill slope and x represents compound concentration.

Cell Lines.

The cell lines used to evaluate compounds consist of a human hepatocyte derived cell line (Huh-7) that constitutively expresses a genotype 1b (Con-1) HCV replicon or a genotype 1b (Con-1) HCV replicon with an asparagine replacing the cysteine at amino acid 316, or a genotype 2a (JFH-1) replicon, containing a Renilla luciferase reporter gene. These cells were maintained in Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium (DMEM) containing 10% FBS, 100 U/mL penicillin/streptomycin and 1.0 mg/mL G418.

HCV Replicon Luciferase Assay.

To evaluate compound efficacy, titrated compounds were transferred to sterile 384-well tissue culture treated plates, and the plates were seeded with HCV replicon cells (50 μL at a density of 2.4×10³ cells/well) in DMEM containing 4% FBS (final DMSO concentration at 0.5%). After 3 days incubation at 37° C., cells were analyzed for Renilla Luciferase activity using the EnduRen substrate (Promega cat #E6485) according to the manufacturer's directions. Briefly, the EnduRen substrate was diluted in DMEM and then added to the plates to a final concentration of 7.5 μM. The plates were incubated for at least 1 h at 37° C. then read on a Viewlux Imager (PerkinElmer) using a luminescence program. The 50% effective concentration (EC₅₀) was calculated using the four-parameter logistic formula noted above.

To assess cytotoxicity of compounds, Cell Titer-Blue (Promega) was added to the EnduRen-containing plates and incubated for at least 4 hrs at 37° C. The fluorescence signal from each well was read using a Viewlux Imager. All CC₅₀ values were calculated using the four-parameter logistic formula.

Compound EC₅₀ data is expressed as A: <100 nM; B=100-1000 nM; C>1000 nM). Representative data for compounds are reported in Table 2.

TABLE 2 EC₅₀ (uM) Cmpd# Structure 1b 10001

B 0.1490 10002

A 0.0362 10003

B 11001

B 20001

A 0.0063 20002

A 20003

A 0.0040 20004

A 20005

A 20006

A 20007

A 20008

A 20009

A 0.0100 20010

A 20011

A 20012

A 20013

A 20014

A 20015

A 0.0056 20016

A 0.0217 20017

A 20018

B 0.1095 20019

A 20020

A 0.0519 20021

A 20022

A 0.0059 20023

A 20024

A 20025

A 20026

A 0.0043 20027

A 20028

A 0.0172 20029

A 20030

A 20031

A 0.0136 20032

A 20033

A 20034

A 0.0118 20035

A 20036

A 20037

A 0.0106 21001

A 21002

A 21003

A 22001

A 0.0108 22002

A 22003

A 30001

A 30002

A 0.0037 30003

A 0.0173 30004

A 30005

A 30006

A 0.0053 30007

A 30008

A 30009

A 30010

A 30011

A 30012

A 0.0239 30013

A 30014

A 30015

A 0.0067 30016

A 31001

A 0.0140 31002

A 32001

A 32002

A 32003

A 40001

A 0.0982 40002

A 40003

B 40004

A 40005

B 41001

A 41002

A 41003

A 0.0519 41004

A 0.0173 41005

A 42001

A 42002

A 42003

A 0.0144

It will be evident to one skilled in the art that the present disclosure is not limited to the foregoing illustrative examples, and that it can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the essential attributes thereof. It is therefore desired that the examples be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, reference being made to the appended claims, rather than to the foregoing examples, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. 

We claim:
 1. A compound of the formula Structure

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or stereoisomer thereof.
 2. The compound according to claim 1 which is

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or stereoisomer thereof.
 3. A composition comprising a compound of claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. 